Signifikansi Teori Aspek Verbal terhadap Penggunaan Kala pada Verba Imperatif dalam Surat Yakobus
Abstract
Abstract. This research analyzes the significance of tense usage on the meaning of an imperative verb, as contained in the verbal aspect theory. The letter of James is used as the corpus because it has a vast occurrence of imperative verbs. The author uses Constantine R. Campbell's approach to analyze the imperative verbs in the letter of James. As a result, several factors strongly influence James in using a tense, be it lexical or grammatical. In addition, this study proves that the tenses used by James have two significances. First, expressing the semantic meaning that refers to aspect. Second, reveal the pragmatic implicature, which refers to Aktionsart. As a semantic meaning, aspect is very significant. Even there are still imperative verbs that naturally appear at certain times due to these influencing factors.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis signifikansi penggunaan kala terhadap makna aspektual sebuah verba, sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam teori aspek verbal. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada modus imperatif dan menggunakan korpus surat Yakobus karena tingginya frekuensi kemunculan imperatif di dalamnya. Penulis mengunakan pendekatan Constantine R. Campbell untuk menganalisis verba-verba imperatif dalam surat Yakobus secara aspektual. Hasilnya, terdapat faktor-faktor yang secara kuat memengaruhi Yakobus dalam menggunakan sebuah kala, baik itu faktor leksikal maupun gramatikal. Selain itu, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kala yang digunakan oleh Yakobus memiliki dua signifikansi. Pertama, mengungkapkan makna semantik yang mengacu pada aspek. Kedua, mengungkapkan implikatur pragmatik yang mengacu pada Aktionsart. Sebagai makna semantik, signifikansi aspek sangat besar, bahkan masih terdapat pada verba-verba imperatif yang secara wajar akan muncul dengan kala tertentu karena adanya faktor-faktor pengaruh tersebut.
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