Arsitektur Gereja yang Kontekstual

Fitry Hanna Hutagalung

doi:10.30648/dun.v9i1.1355

Arsitektur Gereja yang Kontekstual

Fitry Hanna Hutagalung

Abstract

Abstract. This paper studied the concept of contextual church architecture by focusing on the integration of theological, liturgical, and local cultural values, through case studies of the HKBP Parapat and HKBP Pondok Gede churches. The qualitative research methodology carried out involved a literature review and field research to investigate how church architecture can reflect and facilitate dialogue between Christianity and local culture, especially Toba Batak culture. The research finding emphasized the importance of incorporating local cultural elements and philosophies into church architecture to create worship spaces that are in harmony with their context and support the liturgical and socio-cultural needs of their communities.

Abstrak. Tulisan ini mengkaji konsep arsitektur gereja kontekstual dengan memfokuskan pada integrasi nilai-nilai teologis, liturgis, dan budaya lokal, melalui studi kasus gereja HKBP Parapat dan HKBP Pondok Gede. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan melibatkan tinjauan literatur dan penelitian lapangan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana arsitektur gereja dapat mencerminkan dan memfasilitasi dialog antara kekristenan dan budaya lokal, khususnya budaya Batak Toba. Temuan penelitian menekankan pentingnya memasukkan elemen dan filosofi budaya lokal ke dalam arsitektur gereja untuk menciptakan ruang ibadah yang selaras dengan konteksnya dan mendukung kebutuhan liturgi serta sosial-kultural komunitasnya.

Keywords

architecture; arsitektur; budaya; church; contextual; culture; gereja; HKBP; kontekstual; liturgi; liturgy; teologi; theology

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aritonang, Jan Sihar, and Karel Adriaan Steenbrink, eds. A History of Christianity in Indonesia. Studies in. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2008.

Barber, Ron. “Globalization, Contextualization, and Indigeneity: Local Approaches to Indigenous Christianity.” Missiology: An International Review 48, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 376–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091829620916918.

Carvalho, Corrine L. “Finding a Treasure Map: Sacred Space in The Old Testament.” In Touching the Altar: The Old Testament for Christian Worship, edited by Carol M. Bechtel. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Williams B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2008.

Clowney, Paul, and Tessa Clowney. Exploring Churches. Oxford: A Lion Book, 1986.

DeSanctis, Michael E. Building From Believe: Advance, Retreat and Compromise in the Remaking of Catholic Church Architecture. Collegeville, Minnesota: Liturgical Press, 2002.

End, Theodore van den, and J. Wetjens. Ragi Carita 2: Sejarah Gereja Di Indonesia 1860-An. 7th ed. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2008.

Foley, Edward. From Age to Age: How Christian Have Celebrated the Eucharist. Chicago: Liturgy Training Publications, 1991.

Gartiwa, Marcus. Morfologi Bangunan Dalam Konteks Kebudayaan. Bandung: Muara Indah, 2011.

Giles, Richard. Re-Pitching the Tent: Reordering the Church Building for Worship and Mission. Collegeville, Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 2000.

Kim, Min–Seok. “The Theology of Images in the Reformation.” Korean Journal of Christian Studies 101, no. 7 (July 31, 2016): 113–35. https://doi.org/10.18708/KJCS.2016.07.101.1.113.

Lathrop, Gordon W. Holy Things: A Liturgical Theologie. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1998.

Lumbantobing, Andar M. Makna Wibawa Jabatan Dalam Gereja Batak. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1992.

Mangunwijaya, Y. B. Wastu Citra. 4th ed. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2009.

Martasudjita, Emanuel. Liturgi: Pengantar Untuk Studi Dan Praksis Liturgi. 8th ed. Yogjakarta: Kanisius, 2011.

Masao, Takenaka. “The Place Where God Dwells: An Introduction to Church Architecture in Asia.” In Christian Conference of Asia. Hongkong, 1995.

Mawikere, Marde Christian Stenly. “Menelaah Dinamika Kontekstualisasi Sebagai Upaya Pendekatan Penginjilan Yang Memberdayakan Budaya Penerima Injil.” DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristiani 6, no. 2 (March 25, 2022): 496–512. https://doi.org/10.30648/DUN.V6I2.554.

Nweke, K. Chinedu, and Rowland Onyenali. “Contextualization as a Critical Transformative Agent in Christianity.” Exchange 47, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 154–82. https://doi.org/10.1163/1572543X-12341476.

Prier, Karl-Edmund. Inkulturasi Musik Liturgi. Yogyakarta: Pusat Musik Liturgi, 1999.

Rachman, Rasid. Pengantar Sejarah Liturgi. Tangerang: Bintang Fajar, 1999.

———. “The Interior of the Church Building as a Liturgical Space That Reveals God’s Work.” Theologia in Loco 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 57–81. https://doi.org/10.55935/THILO.V3I1.213.

Roosandriantini, Josephine, Jessica Aprilia Poernama, Ferdinard Hendra Setiawan, Krisnina Dohan Limantara, and Lucia Ina Trisyanti. “Akulturasi Arsitektur Kolonial Terhadap Perbedaan Iklim Di SDN Ditotruman Lumajang Dan Rumah Dinas Bakorwil Madiun.” ARSITEKTURA 21, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 27–38. https://doi.org/10.20961/ARST.V21I1.62585.

Rouet, Albert. Liturgy and The Art. Collegeville, Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 1997.

Seasoltz, Kevin R. A Sense of The Sacred. New York: Continuum, 2007.

Sibeth, Achim, and Bruce W. Carpenter. Batak Sculpture. Michigan: The University of Michigan, 2007.

Simamora, Tano. Rumah Batak Toba: Usaha Inkulturatif. Pematang Siantar, 1997.

Sitompul, K., Plasthon Simanjuntak, and Marudut Manalu. Pengakuan Iman HKBP. Pearaja, Tarutung: Kantor Pusat HKBP, 2006.

Stauffer, S. Anita. “Christian Worship: Toward Localization and Globalization.” In Worship and Culture in Dialogue, edited by S. Anita Stauffer. Geneva: Department for Theology and Studies The Lutheran World Federation, 1994.

Torgerson, Mark A. An Architecture of Immanence: Architecture for Worship and Ministry Today. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Williams B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2007.

Wahid, Julaihi, and Bhakti Almasyah. Arsitektur Dan Sosial Budaya Sumatera Utara. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 2013.

Walton, Janet. Art and Worship: A Vital Connection. Wilmington: Michael Glazier, 1988.

White, James F. Protestant Worship and Church Architecture: Theological and Historical Consideration. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2002.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v9i1.1355