Kerajaan Allah dan Transformasi Sosial: Dialetika Kedatangan Kerajaan Allah dan Implikasi Masa Kini

Thomas Ly

doi:10.30648/dun.v8i2.1051

Kerajaan Allah dan Transformasi Sosial: Dialetika Kedatangan Kerajaan Allah dan Implikasi Masa Kini

Thomas Ly

Abstract

Abstract. Discourses concerning the dialectical coming of the Kingdom of God in Christian theology are debatbale, including its time and relationship to the present. This study focuses to find a connection between the dialectic of the Kingdom of God and social transformation, and its implications to the present. In reaching that goal, the Indicative-Imperative method in bibilical ethics is applied. It means that the works and the will of God become the indicative, and the God’s commands or men’s responsibilities become the the imperative. Based on this research, Christian ethics is performed not only as hope and anticipation to the coming of the Kingdom but also as respond and participaton to the Kingdom’s mission. There is a close connection between the Kingdom of God and social transformation. Therefore, the church can perform the Kingdom’s mission in the world as an agent of social transformation.

Abstrak. Wacana tentang dialektika kedatangan Kerajaan Allah dalam teologi Kristen mengandung perdebatan, baik terkait waktu kedatangan maupun kaitannya dengan kehidupan saat ini. Fokus tulisan ini adalah meneliti kaitan antara dialektika Kerajaan Allah dan transformasi sosial dan implikasinya bagi kehidupan masa kini. Dalam rangka itu penulis menggunakan pendekatan Indikatif-Imperatif dalam etika Alkitab. Pendekatan ini menjadikan tindakan dan kehendak Allah sebagai indikatif, dan perintah Allah atau tanggung jawab manusia sebagai imperatifnya. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa etika Kristen dilakukan bukan hanya sebagai harapan dan antisipasi terhadap datangnya Kerajaan Allah, melainkan juga sebagai respons dan partisipasi terhadap misi Kerajaan Allah. Ada kaitan erat antara Kerajaan Allah dan transformasi sosial. Oleh karena itu, gereja dapat menjalankan misi Kerajaan Allah di dunia sebagai agen transformasi sosial.

Keywords

eschatology; eskatologi; harapan; hope; keadilan sosial; Kerajaan Allah; Kingdom of God; participation; partisipasi; social justice

Full Text:

PDF

References

Banawiratma, J.B., and J Muller. Berteologi Sosial Lintas Ilmu: Kemiskinan Sebagai Tantangan Hidup Beriman. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius, 1993.

Bauckham, Richard. “Moltmann’s Theology of Hope Revisited.” Scottish Journal of Theology 42, no. 2 (1989): 199–214. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0036930600056441.

Beyer, Ulrich. Garis-Garis Besar Eskatologi Dalam Perjanjian Baru. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2009.

Bosch, David J. Transformasi Misi Kristen: Sejarah Teologi Misi Yang Mengubah Dan Berubah. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2011.

Bosch, Leandro. “God, In Your Grace, Transform the World.” In God in Your Grace ... Official Report of the Ninth Assembly of the World Council of Churches, edited by Luis N. Rivera-Pagan. Geneva: WCC Publications, 2006.

Chilton, Bruce, and J.I.H. McDonald. Jesus and The Ethics of the Kingdom. London: SCM Press, 2000.

Cullmann, Oscar. Christ and Time. The Primitive Christian Conception of Time and History. London: SCM Press, 1967.

Dunn, James G. The Theology of Paul the Apostle. Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1998.

Gurning, Edy Jhon Piter. “Makna Dan Fungsi Motif Penghakiman Eskhatologis Dalam Surat 2 Timotius.” Jurnal Teologi Reformed Indonesia 9, no. 2 (2019): 94–114.

Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Theology. Illinois: Downers Grove, 1998.

———. Teologi Perjanjian Baru 3: Eklesiologi, Eskatologi, Etika. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2019.

Hoekema, Anthony A. Alkitab Dan Akhir Zaman. Surabaya: Momentum, 2014.

Jonas, Hans. The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Kleden, Paul Budi. “Pandangan Johann Baptist Metz Tentang Politik Perdamaian Berbasis Compassio.” DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA 12, no. 1 (April 22, 2013): 82–102. https://doi.org/10.36383/DISKURSUS.V12I1.119.

Ladd, George Eldon. A Theology of the New Testament. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Williams B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1993.

———. The Presence of the Future. The Eschatology of Biblical Realism. Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2002.

Layantara, Jessica Novia. “Life Lived In Love: Konsep Jürgen Moltmann Mengenai Eskatologi Pribadi.” Jurnal Ledalero 17, no. 2 (2018): 139–58.

Middleton, J. Richard. A New Heaven and a New Earth. Reclaiming Biblical Eschatology. Michigan: Baker Academic, 2014.

Moltmann, Jurgen. Theology of Hope: On The Ground and Implications of a Christian Eschatology. London: SCM Press, 1967.

Moltmann, Jürgen. Ethics of Hope. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012.

———. The Coming of God, Christian Eschatology. London: SCM Press, 1996.

———. The Crucified God: The Cross of Christ as the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.

Mott, Stephen Charles. Biblical Ethics and Social Change. New York/ Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.

Muller-Fahrenholz, Geiko. The Kingdom and the Power, The Theology of Jürgen Moltmann. London: SCM Press, 2000.

Napel, Henk ten. Jalan Yang Lebih Utama Lagi. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1988.

Polkinghorne, John. The God of Hope and the End of the World. USA: Yale University Press, 2002.

Schweitzer, Albert. The Quest of the Historical Jesus. London: A&C Black, 1954.

Singgih, Emanuel Gerrit. Dari Ruang Privat Ke Ruang Publik: Sebuah Kumpulan Tulisan Teologi Kontekstual Emanuel Gerrit Singgih. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2020.

Tafaib, Gratiana. “Paham Eskatologi Dalam Injil Yohanes Dan Makna Temporalnya.” Jurnal Orientasi Baru 23, no. 2 (2014): 115–25. https://e-journal.usd.ac.id/index.php/job/article/view/1129.

Talbert, Charles H. “Indicative and Imperative in Matthean Soteriology.” Biblica 82, no. 4 (2001): 515–38. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42614325.

Travis, Stephen. I Believe in the Second Coming of Jesus. Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1982.

Weiss, Johannes. Jesus Proclamation of the Kingdom of God. Philadelphia: Scholars Press, 1985.

Wright, N.T. Suprised by Hope: Rethinking Heaven, the Resurrection, and the Mission of the Church. HarperCollins e-book, 2007.

Yohanes, Hendra. “Langit Dan Bumi Yang Baru: Eskatologi Berdasarkan Teologi Biblika Tentang Tempat Kediaman Allah.” GEMA TEOLOGIKA: Jurnal Teologi Kontekstual Dan Filsafat Keilahian 5, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 155–74. https://doi.org/10.21460/GEMA.2020.52.496.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v8i2.1051